# Contested concept: armed attack

_**What you are reading**: one contested-concept page in Deliberus's deliberation graph. Deliberus maps human reasoning — including claims that are contested, mistaken, or extreme — so that disagreement can be examined precisely. A claim's presence here is not an endorsement: the graph records that someone argued it, how it connects to other reasoning, and how far scrutiny has gotten. The metadata on this page describes the state of that scrutiny, not the truth of the claim._

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- **Contestedness**: criterion
- **Diagnosis**: The criterion carries both a State-author requirement and an origin requirement. The opposing text rejects the first by name and never engages the second.
- **Canonical**: `/concept/armed attack` (data: `/concept/armed attack.json`)

## Senses in use
- **A factual occurrence characterised by scale and effects, with no requirement as to the author's legal status** — used in 3 claim(s)
- **An event presupposing a State author and an external origin, whose occurrence in the case of an occupation was completed at the moment of conquest** — used in 3 claim(s)

## Claims using this term
- [Because an armed attack is characterised by scale and effects, there is no restriction as to who can commit one; it can be a State or a non…](/claim/claim_0a1d1dbcc7fe.md) _(sense: A factual occurrence characterised by scale and effects, with no requirement as to the author's legal status)_
- [By virtue of the existence of military occupation, an armed attack, including one consistent with the UN Charter, has already occurred and …](/claim/claim_265691af68a1.md) _(sense: An event presupposing a State author and an external origin, whose occurrence in the case of an occupation was completed at the moment of conquest)_
- [The International Court of Justice defined an armed attack as a grave use of force, describing its nature through factual qualifications of…](/claim/claim_4a9978a6b4c4.md) _(sense: A factual occurrence characterised by scale and effects, with no requirement as to the author's legal status)_
- [The International Court of Justice reasoned in the 2004 Wall Advisory Opinion that Article 51 contemplates an armed attack by one state aga…](/claim/claim_6a0a4cb63458.md) _(sense: An event presupposing a State author and an external origin, whose occurrence in the case of an occupation was completed at the moment of conquest)_
- [The right of self-defence is triggered by a factual occurrence, namely an armed attack.](/claim/claim_758aac461f03.md) _(sense: A factual occurrence characterised by scale and effects, with no requirement as to the author's legal status)_
- [The International Court of Justice held that because the threat to Israel originates within, and not outside, the Occupied West Bank, the s…](/claim/claim_997b4c787b5c.md) _(sense: An event presupposing a State author and an external origin, whose occurrence in the case of an occupation was completed at the moment of conquest)_